The UK’s airspace is among the busiest and most complex in the world, handling over 2.4 million flights annually — around a quarter of Europe’s traffic. NATS designs and manages the high-level route network, ensuring safe and efficient journeys for all aircraft flying to, from, or through UK airspace. From air traffic controllers in towers and control centres, to our airspace planners and safety experts, we work around the clock to keep the skies safe and efficient.
Shaping the skies
Shaping the skies
Keeping the skies safe
Securing the skies
Every decision we make is rooted in our commitment to safe and secure operations. Our “safe in everything we do” approach ensures we never grow complacent, with targeted changes made each year to improve performance and address emerging risks.
That adaptability is increasingly important. Over the next decade, UK airspace could see 500,000 more airline flights annually, alongside new users like drones and air taxis.
Our role is to keep the skies safe for everyone, both in the air and on the ground, drawing on decades of expertise, world-class safety systems, and a focus on meaningful innovation.
Trusted custodians
Our air traffic controllers are among the world’s best – highly trained professionals trusted to keep millions of flights safe and on time.
Their expertise goes beyond the UK, with NATS controllers also working internationally in places like Delhi, Dubai, and Hong Kong.
With decades of experience as an Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP), we understand airspace complexity – shaping how we operate today and plan for tomorrow.
All route network changes are rigorously tested with our air traffic controllers (ATCOs) to ensure they’re safe, practical, and genuinely improve the system. Their input is vital to making airspace change work in the real world.
Shaping tomorrow
Airspace is critical national infrastructure – vital to the UK’s safety, security, and economy. But our role goes beyond managing today’s skies; it’s about preparing for tomorrow.
As custodians of UK airspace, we’re building a future that’s quicker, cleaner, and smarter. In partnership with the Department for Transport and the Civil Aviation Authority, we’re modernising the network to boost capacity, cut flight times, and support aviation’s net zero goal by 2050.
We’re deploying tools like Intelligent Approach to improve arrival flow, and Pairwise to increase landing rates and reduce airborne holding – cutting delays and emissions. Every innovation strengthens UK airspace resilience and ensures it meets the evolving needs of its users.
Engaging for change
NATS is best known for keeping UK flights safe and punctual – but our role goes much further. We work with all airspace users, from airlines and the military to drone and space operators, to ensure all activity in UK airspace is safely managed and integrated.
Engagement is central to our work. We collaborate with government, regulators, the military, and industry to shape and manage the UK’s national airspace.
Managing the UK’s invisible infrastructure
Our control centres
UK air traffic is managed from two main control centres: Swanwick in Hampshire, near the south coast of England, and Prestwick in Ayrshire, to the west of Scotland. From these control centres, our air traffic controllers oversee aircraft as they fly through high-level en route airspace and on the approach and departure phases of flight to different airports across the nation.
Swanwick controls the southern half of UK airspace, including the busy skies over London and the Southeast. Prestwick handles the airspace from just north of Birmingham, covering Manchester – the UK’s third busiest airport – Scottish airspace, and transatlantic traffic entering or leaving UK airspace.
In addition to these centres, NATS also operates control towers at major UK airports. They are responsible for ground movements, take-offs and landings.
Beacons vs satellites
Much of the UK’s airspace still relies on structures designed in the mid-twentieth century, when aircraft navigated by flying from one ground-based radio beacon to the next. These fixed, zig-zagging routes were shaped by the limitations of the technology of the time – not by what was most efficient.
The effect of this bygone era is still seen today in our flight routes, which are still more circuitous than they need to be, making journeys longer and using more fuel.
Now, things are changing. Thanks to advances in both aircraft navigation systems and air traffic control technology, aircraft can use satellite-based navigation to fly more direct and efficient routes. This means faster journeys, better use of airspace, and reduced emissions per flight.
NATS is working to upgrade UK airspace to take full advantage of these technologies –replacing legacy procedures with a modern, flexible system designed for today’s traffic and tomorrow’s growth.
Our partners
We work with companies from across the aviation industry. This includes regulators, government and longstanding aviation bodies, as well as new technology companies and start-ups.
We enable flight throughout the UK – partnership is crucial to that.
How we work with government
NATS En Route Limited (NERL) is the part of NATS responsible for managing UK en route air traffic control – the name given to commercial aviation traffic as it travels between its departure and arrival points.
NERL operates under a licence granted by the UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and works closely with the UK Government to manage UK airspace.
NATS is a public-private organisation. Its NERL division is regulated by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), which oversees performance and charges to ensure NERL serves the public interest. This partnership helps NATS balance operational excellence with government policies and national priorities, including safety, environmental goals, and economic growth.
Together, NATS and the government shape the future of UK airspace to meet the demands of a growing and evolving aviation sector.
When will airspace modernisation happen?
The strategy is being delivered in phases, with some key milestones already delivered. Changes already live include upgrades to airspace in the southwest, Scotland, and to Luton arrivals.
Other change projects, including UKADS, are in progress across the UK.
Interactive airspace map
LIVE
Much like motorways on the ground, airspace has ‘airways’ which aircraft travel along en route to their destination. This route structure ensures that aircraft maintain safe separation from other airspace users and other obstacles.
Our air traffic controllers provide critical information to pilots travelling along these routes to keep flights running smoothly and safely.
Explore our airspace map to view live flight data from across the globe. Click on a marker to see where each flight started and where it’s headed or toggle the filters on the control panel to take a deeper look at UK airspace.
Did you know Even some buildings need clearance! Before the Shard was built, aviation authorities had to give it the all-clear. At 310 metres tall and in busy London airspace, it required approval from the CAA and NATS to ensure it didn’t interfere with flight paths or radar – hence the aircraft warning lights at the top.
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